A Density Functional Study of
the Insertion Mechanism in MAO (Methylaluminoxane)-Activated, Cp2ZrMe2-Catalyzed
Olefin Polymerization
Eva Zurek and Tom Ziegler
Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary,
Alberta, Canada, T2N 1N4
Abstract
Density Functional Theory (DFT) has been used to
study the insertion of ethylene into the [Cp2ZrMeRAlMe3]+[MeMAO]- (I) and
[Cp2ZrMeR]+[MeMAO]- (II) ion pairs (R=Me, Prop) in gas phase and toluene
solution. The transition states investigated include ones with a and b-agostic
interactions as well as ones where the olefin is cis and trans to the counter-ion.
In all cases the insertion barrier into I was found as being less than
20 kcal/mol and into II above 25 kcal/mol. This further supports the assertion
that the active and dormant species have the structures suggested in I
and II, respectively.
The barrier for olefin uptake along with the energies
of the various p-complexes for I have also been determined. Thus, different
reaction profiles for the first and second insertion were examined and
the most likely pathways identified.